6 Myths About Tuberculosis (TB) That Turn Out to Be Big Wrong
TB is the most common infection that causes death in Indonesia. The large number of cases of tuberculosis in this country is more or less influenced by the understanding of people who have still made a mistake with regard to this disease. Therefore, not a few people hesitate to be treated and eventually treated. Here are some of the myths about tuberculosis that you no longer have to trust.
The myth of tuberculosis, which turned out to be a big mistake
TB is a hereditary disease
This TB myth is not correct. TB or an infectious disease caused by an infection of the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
This disease is more common in family members, but has nothing to do with genetic or family health history. TB bacteria spread and saliva injected from the mouth when the person coughs, sneezes, laughs or speaks - and is then inhaled by another person.
If you spend a lot of time on activities with TB patients without protection (eg Masks), you can gradually have the same disease. Because TB bacteria can survive weeks, even months in dark, humid and cold conditions. That is why TBC is also common in offices or schools.
However, the chances of tuberculosis in a sick family member depend on your health, endurance and personal hygiene. The stronger your endurance, the lower the risk of tuberculosis.
TB is a disease of the community of middle and lower economic groups
This TB myth is not correct. The most recent data from the Indonesian health profile from the year 2016 showed that most cases of tuberculosis in Indonesia were found in groups of people of working age (25-34 years) who do not go to school and do not work, but TB risk factors itself had nothing to do with the economic situation.
Nevertheless, everyone is at risk of tuberculosis if:
- His immune system is weak
- Personal and ecological cleanliness is not maintained
- Environmental factors, such as damp, tight and not exposed to sunlight.
- Close, long, frequent and continuous contact with active TB patients.
TB can only attack the lungs
This TB myth is not correct. Once inhaled, TB bacteria will actually settle in the lungs and begin to multiply by causing pulmonary tuberculosis. If tuberculosis is not treated properly, bacteria can spread to other parts of the body via the bloodstream.
Other types of TB infections also are common leg TB, lymph node TB and intestinal TB. It can even attack the heart, the nervous system and other organs. The difference is that these types of TB are not contagious, such as pulmonary tuberculosis, because they do not show cough symptoms that can spread active bacteria to other people.
"Do not share food or eating utensils with TB patients"
This TB myth is not correct. You can often hear this advice from people in your area to stay away from people with TB so that you do not get infected. TB is contagious, but that is no reason to alienate people from the community.
TB does not spread or does not move on physical contact, for example.
- Handshake or hold the hand with the victims
- Hug or kiss
- Share food or drink
- Use the same toilet as people with TB
- Use the same cutlery, sleeping pills and toothbrush as the patient
People infected with TB bacteria are absolutely suffering from tuberculosis
This TB myth is not correct. In fact, most people were exposed to tuberculosis at least once during their lifetime. However, only 10% of people with tuberculosis have tuberculosis.
After entering the body, the bacteria are still not active, but are still in a latent state or have been sleeping for a while. This time is called incubation time. Because bacteria are not active, there are no symptoms and no infection.
One of the determinants of a person can get TB or not, how strong your immune system is. The stronger your immune system is, the smaller the chance that tuberculosis develops into disease.
Elderly people, people with HIV or AIDS, cancer, diabetes, kidneys and other autoimmune diseases are at greater risk of infection because their immune system is weak and can not suppress bacterial growth.
TB can not cure
This TB myth is not correct. Even if it is a chronic disease, tuberculosis can recover up to 99% - as long as you are treated regularly for 6-9 months and never forget to take tuberculosis.
The success rate of tuberculosis treatment in 2008-2009 was 90%, in accordance with WHO standards, but continued to decline the following year. The most recent data from 2016 showed the success of a TB treatment at the national level of about 85 percent.
If it is not a routine treatment, the bacteria will only fade for a moment and become stronger, giving you the impression that your illness has returned. In fact, you have never fully recovered.
To determine whether the patient has fully recovered, this can only be determined by laboratory test results. If the results show that the presence of bacteria is negative, the patient is fully recovered.
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